Historical relics and monuments
The historical relics and monuments inherited from the past generations
display the grandeur and glory which is attached to the ancient culture
and civilization of sabzevar .
Agh Ghaleh mosque
Agh ghaleh mosque is
located in jovain district between ghader abad and fath abad villages
.this monument which is in fact the nave of a large mosque belonging to
the ilkhanid dynasty era ,is compised of a rather long entrance veranda
a vestibule at the other end of the veranda two roofed halls on the
sides of the vestibule and a high brick dome built on the top of the
vestibule .archeolgical assumptions suggest that agh ghaleh
architectural complex used to be the southern front lf a mosque and
walls and chambers on the sides of the mosque stretched to the north
from the eastern and western corners .these assumptions also suggest
that concurrent with the construction of the mosque ,several residential
units had been built in its vicinity .these residential units are
believed to have been deserted some time .It so appears that the wide
embraced area inside which the mospue has been built served to be the
base for a city similar to sultanieh city the foundations of which were
laid in agh ghaleh during the early 8th century A.H.and
maintained its splendor until the era of fath ali shah the ghajar the
clay and mud area is believed to have remained residential during the
ghajar dynasty .agh ghaleh mosque belongs to the ilkhanids era and in
accordance with the garivar manuscript the dome of the mosque was built
in 712A.H.IN 1998Tthis monument was registered as a national heritage .
Azar Barzin Mehr fire
Azar barzin
meher
fire temple has been built on a cliff in sabaevar s rivand means sorrel
a plant of which wine was produced by the Aryans .the wine called hoom
,was served at the religious festivals .in ferdowsis book entitle tale
lf kings rivand has been pronounced as raevas zasta
Raevas and in avesta it has been pronounced as zibad .azar barzin mehr
(atur –burzin –mitr)fire temple was one of the sassanids three most
famous fire temples belonging to the peasant class of the society .the
fire temple has been built entirely of stone .the lay –out and plan of
this structure is in the form of a square dome and the entrance is
located at the northern corner while the remaining vaults had been
blocked .the direction of the altar hall stretched from east to west .
Jaa'me (Grand)Mosque
This mosque is
located on the southern corner of Bayhagh street and appears in an area
of some 4000 square meters. Sabzevar's
Grand
Mosque is a four –veranda type mosque.The veranda approaching Kiblah is
20meters high while the opposite veranda is 14meters high .The
neighboring verandas appear in shorter heights. During the era of the
Pahlavui dynasty ,two minarets each 11meters high were appended to the
Mosque on the sides of the Kiblah veranda. In addition to verandas,the
Mosque has a large nave to the west whose dome cover sits on thick brick
made columns . To the east of the Mosque,there used to be a two-storey
nave which has been destroyed throuyed through time but replaced by a
new nave.The main entrance of theMosque is believed to have been located
at the rear end of the northern veranda which ,subsequent to the
extension of Bayhagh street ,the porticos on the sides of the veranda
have been used as entrance of the Mosque.Multi-color glazed tiles have
been used to decorate and ornament the façade of the Mosque's southern
veranda and the sub-verandas on the side of it. The façade of the
Mosque's eastern wall has been decorated with multi –color glazed clay
tiles.According to a manuscript ,the tiles have been placed in 1385 A.H.
Numerous stone made manuscripts that hang on the base of the verandas
are considered to be important historical documents of the Safavid
era.The contents of the two manuscripts hanging on the northern veranda
speak of the people's exemption from giving entrance presents and the
obligation of the officer in charge to observe the rule. A finely carved
manuscript belonging to 979 A.H. hangs on the passageway east of the
northern veranda and contains an instruction issued by king Tahmasb the
First of the Safavid dynasty . According to this instruction ,receipt of
any wages for burial processions is forbidden.
Khosro Shir Mosque
The Mosque
which is also known as Minaret Mosque is located 200meters east of
Khosro Shir village and 100kilometers northwest of Sabzevar in the
Jovain plains. Only a portion of the southern veranda of the Mosque has
been left , however ,the beautiful placter coatings and baked
manusctipts which ornament the walls speak of the significance and
geangeur of the monument in the past.
Khosro Shir
Mosque used to appear in a very large area with a tall brick minaret
rising on the side of it.It is a double veranda mosque somehow
comparable with the Faryumed mosque .The Mosque is believed to belong to
the Saljuk/Kharazmshah eras built by the early 7th century
A.H. concurrent with the construction of Faryumed ,Gonabad and Zuzan
mosques but repaired later during the Ilkhanids dynasty and some
additional portions were appended to it.
Asrar Mausoleum
The mausoleum
of the prominent philosopher Haj Molla Hadi Sabzevari (1212-1289 A.H)
is located on the southern corner of Sabzevar's Kargar square in the
center of a beautiful park which is believed to have been the property
of the philosopher. The initial structure of the mausoleum was built by
Mirza Yusef Mostofi ol Mamalek one year after the death of Haj Molla
Hadi .Mirza Yusef planned to build a theology school on the side of the
Mausoleum ,however,the construction work was suspended due to the death
of the elder son of Haj Molla Hadi named Molla Mohammad Sabzevari who
was scheduled to serve as an instructor in that school .Only a number of
chambers and classes were built adjacent to the Mausoleum .The plan of
the Mausoleum is rectangular with the inside being made of four
platforms on the sides of wich there have been devised square shape
chambers .On the exterior of Mausolem however, there have been built
numerous verandas which are linked to the adjacent chambers or the
interior of the Mausoleum.
The monument
appears to be a btand new structure mainly because of the repair work
which was made to it by the Association of National Relics in 1961.
Pamenar Mosque
Adineh or
Pamenar Mosque is Sabzevar's oldest mosque which is believed to have
been built in the middle of the 3rd century A.H. According to
Ebn-e Fandogh in his Bayhagh History book , this monument was rebuilt by
Amir Abolfazl Ziadi in 317A.H. and in 420,a minaret
was appended to it on the initiative of Khajeh Amirak Dabir. The minaret
collapsed in the 444A.H. earthquake but was rebuilt about a year later
and remains intact to this date .Pamenar Mosque is located in the middle
of Bayhagh street. The entrance of the mosque has access to the interior
through one end of a long veranda and is directly linked to the nave of
the Mosque .The courtyard of the Mosque which is smaller in size appears
on the southern corner.Underneath the courtyard,there is a quartrefoil
veranda which belongs to the era of Ghajar dynasty.
On the
northwestern corner of the Mosque , there is a 20meter high minaret
which is most probably the antique minaret of Sabzevar's Adineh Mosque.
The brick made minaret is ornamented and contains a brick manuscript.
The plan of the Mosque is comparable to that of Yazd's Fahraj mosque and
Damghan's Tarikhaneh mosque.the mosque has
undergone some repair works in recent years and for that reason it looks
like a recently – built and new structure . the glaze title used in
ornamenting the façade and entrance veranda of the mosque belong to
1367and 1372 A.H.gowever ,they contain some kind of ancient and
traditional appearance specially in terms of finishing and the colors
that have been applied .
Tomb of Emamzadeh Yahya
The stunning structure known as tomb of emamzadeh yahya is located in
the center of sabzevar city where asrar and bayhagh streets cross each
other .this structure comprises two glazed tile entrances that open to
asrar and bayahagh streets ,passageways that lead to the interior of the
building and the dome house . on the top of the
entrances
of the tomb ,a number of minarets have been appended in recent years
.the dome house is apparently the oldest component of the structure
.this architectural space used to enjoy asquare shape plan and of the
quartrefoil veranda type built in compliance with the architectural
styles of the 6 th and 7 th centuries A.H.later modifications made to
the structure of the tomb have removed the original shape .unitl before
extension of the adjacent streets in 1928 and 1929 and construction of
new entrances ,the structure of the monument is believed to have been
confined to the dome house and certain chambers appended to it .currenly
,a 14 meter high dome and 29meter high minarets at the main entrance of
the tomb have combined to put into display a unique architectural work
.the exterior façade of the structure is ornamented with colorful clay
tiles furnished with floral and geometrical shapes and manuscripts
produced and installed in 1380A.H.the interior spaces are furnished with
glazed tiles,plaster ,stone and glass works mostly installed in recent
years .the tomb of emamzadeh yahya is a tourist ,religious and
historical feature .
The Tomb of Emamzadeh Shoaib
This structure is a mausoleum located on the southern corner of the city
of sabzevar overlooking razave street .the tomb area used to be the city
s public cemetery during the ghajar dynasty era .this complex is
composed of a courtyard ,a long entrance veranda ,the some which has
been set up on a kuarterfoil veranda space and four chambers on the
sides of the bases of the dome.The structure looks brand new due to the
manipulations and medications that have been made to it , whereas,
according to some historical documents and travel logs, this monument
must have been buit during the final years of the timurids era and
undergone some changes in later years,
the tomb which is very popular with the pilgrims ,has been repaired and
ornamented fundamentally .in 1971, the monument was
Furnished with glass and mirror works and shortly after that a transenna
made of gold and silver was placed on the grave top within the shrine
.the exterior of the monument has been furnished with glazed tiles and
triangular manuscripts that stretch around the entrance veranda and
finally the dome which was covered with glazed tiles in 1388 A.H.
On the northwestern and southeastern corners of the shrine of the
emamzadeh ,there have been erected two minarets each 25meters high
.these minarets are older than the recently built and appended spaces
.the minarets were recently repaired and furnished with glazed tiles .
Mazinan Caravanserai
Mazinan is a well- known and ancient village located 85 kilometers west
of sabzevar .on the southern corner of this village , there is a large
caravanserai which remains somehow intact to this date .Annording to the
contents of the manuscript which hangs from the complex entrance , this
caravanserai was built by haji moin ol din cohammad esfahani in 1064
A.H.for the purpose of housing the travelers and pilgrims .mazinan
caravanserai is the type of complexes built in plains with a large
central yard encircled by numerous verandas and cubicles .at the rear
side of each cubicle ,there is located a chamber and behind the chambers
on the southern , western and eastern rastern corners ,there are long
arched halls used as stable halls used as stable .whereas ,mazinan
caravanserai was of ctucial significance for the pilgrims and travelers
who took khorasan highway to wolk into khorasan ptovince ,it underwent
repair works in 1283 and 1318 A.H. while in recent years ,khorasan
cultural heritage organization has taken certain measures to repair and
protect this invaluable this invaluable complex which has been
registered as a national relic .
Faramarz Khan Caravanserai
Faramarz khan caravanserai known as ronat is kanoon is locater of the
city of sabzevar to the west of zand square .this caravserai is of a
quarterfoil veranda type .the entrance of the ronat is linked to the
southern veranda
from the southern front and via a vestibule .the courtyard of robat is
square shaped and in addition to the four main verandas ,some chambers
have been built that overlook the courttard .at the end of each chamber
,there has been built a cubicle and behind the northern ,eastern and
western rooms of the robat ,long halls have been foreseen to ne used as
stable .at each corner and in –between the stables there has beem set up
a platform to serve as a wharf .passage of time has inflicted heavy
damage on the structure of the robat .most of the chambers and
cunicleshave been deformed and a portion of the southern front has been
occupied by people and concerted into shops .the western corner stable
of the robat has been dedformed and converted into a wotkshop.
This caravanstai is believed to have beem converted into a center
housing the premiership of Dr .mossadegh and kanoon meaning center in
farsi language has been taken from that period .the emtrance vestibule
of the caravanserai appears in two floors furnished with major
architectural ornamentations .these ornamentations inclide complete
medallion ,butterflty ,lace work ,and brick work painted with vaeious
colors in order to specify and highlight the triangular shapes. The
robat is characterized by its Ghajar architectural style . Robat kanoon
was built by haj faramarz khan sabzvari outside sabzvar s entrance gare
on the side of khorasan highway in 1291A.H .for the purpose the pilgrims
of the shrine of imam Reza (pbuh )Repair work is underway here by
khotasan Cultural heritage Organization .
Mausoleumof khajah najmoddim
To the west of
zirabad Jovain village and in a distance of about 90 kilometers from the
northwestern corner of sabzevar ,there lies a beautiful monument is
infact the central part of an architectural complex.the main space of
the mausoleum is a cubic like plan while the conical dome rests on an
octagonal stem.it is believed that certain other features once appended
to this strucuture have collapsed and no longer exist .the mausoleum
isa brik made and strong monument ,however ,it has sustained damage due
to inattention .According to the nearby residents ,this monument is
attributed to khajeh majmoddin keberi ,the prominent mystic and founder
of the krbravieh school of thought . although the graveyard of this
prominent philosopher is currently located in kharazm ,some historians
cast doubt about the location of his graveyard and a recenthy unveild
written document belonging to the 10th century A.H clearly
stresses that khajeh najmoddin kebri has been buried in zirabad Jovain.
Khosrogerd minaret (Mil )
In the remote
past ,khosrogerd used to be a prosperous city in bayhagh region located
just 6kilometers
from
sabzevar .in the 5th and 6th centuries A.H.there
used to be a geand mosque inside the city and it is believed that the
existing minaret belongs to that mosque .khosrogerd minaret is a brick
made structure erected on the side of the nishabur –ray road and today
lies in a short distance from sabzevar –Teran road .the minaret is
believed to heve also served as a guide to the travelers because it can
be seen from a very long distance .archeological studies conducted so
far suggest that this monument used tosignsof any architectural
strucrtures have been uncovered in the course of excavations in the
suburbs of the structure .
Khosrogerd
minaret s manuscript cleatly states that the structure was built in
505A.H.and today serves to symbolize the architectural style of its time
.it has been made of brick while the façade has been ornamented with
molded and finely cut exterior bricks that appeat in a variety of shapes
and styles .the minaret fortunately has remained intact through years
and is considered as a valuable architectural work of khorasan province
which has been registered as a national historical heritage that has
undergone frequent repair works by khorasan cultural heritage
organization .
Congregational Prayers Site (Mossalla)
The brick made
structure known as Mossalla or congregational prayers site is located on
the eastern corner of town . This complex comprises a large veranda and
dome house in the rear side of the veranda. The upper section of the
veranda has been destroyed , however ,relying on what has been left of
it ,one can assume that the veranda used to have a high wall and the
façade of the bases on sides of the veranda used to be coated with brick
frames . On the two sides of the veranda , there have erected two half
cylindrical tower like structures that serve to reinforce the bases on
the sides of the veranda and prevent the wall from sliding .
The
architectural space of the dome house on the tear side of the veranda
contains a tall dome furnished with cluster bricks.The façade of the
walls of the building have been coated with plaster and gypsum .On the
four corners of the structure, there have been devised four doorways to
let the light in . This monument has been repaired in the past and
Khorasan Cultural Heritage Organization is planning to carry out
landscaping work on the surrounding areas . The complex has been
registered as a historical relic.
Memorical of Molla Hussein Kashefi
Molana
Kamaloddin Hussein Kashefi was a prominent and noble scientific figure
of the Timurids era and contemporary with Sultan Hussein Bayaghra and
Amir Ali Shir Navaei and spent most of life in Heart and finally passed
away in 910 A.H .
In 1975, the
Association of National Relics built a stunning memorial to commemorate
his noble status . This monument is currently a tourist attraction in
Sabzevar.The renowned monument which is believed to be the mausoleum of
Molla Hussein Kashefi and has replaced another graveyard known as Pir-e
Haajaat,is located on the side of Shohada street, east of Sabzevar city
. Although this memorial is made of steel frame , the materials used in
it are traditional while the arches and the Islamic architectural styles
applied in the mausoleum, have turned it into a genuine and stunning
work .The monument is a combination of verandas and niches which have
been put together harmoniously in three stories reminding rhe viewer of
the ancient ziggurats .
The façade of
the building has been decorated dwith solorful glazed tiles containing
Arabesque features .Ahmad farahbakhsh is the sesigner of this monument
and the construction work began in 1973.The monument has been registered
as anational heritage .
